Difference between revisions of "Bee-Plane TRL 2"

From beeplane
Jump to navigation Jump to search
 
(17 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 
Projet and tasks are achieved according to [http://www.bee-license.com Lesser Open Bee License 1.3]<BR>
 
Projet and tasks are achieved according to [http://www.bee-license.com Lesser Open Bee License 1.3]<BR>
−
TRL2 started in 2013. It is planned to have a 3 years duration.<BR>
+
 
−
<BR>
+
 
−
* [[Project overview]], current Project technical description for TRL2<BR>
+
Main project : [[Bee-Plane]]<BR>
−
* [[File:BEEPLANE S1-S3.pdf]] H2020 file submitted in august 2014<BR>
+
 
 +
<BR><BR>
 +
* [[File:BEEPLANE S1-S3.pdf]] H2020 file submitted in august 2014 (in process by EC)<BR>
 
* [[Bee-Plane TRL 1]] closed in June 2013.<BR>
 
* [[Bee-Plane TRL 1]] closed in June 2013.<BR>
 
<BR>
 
<BR>
Line 22: Line 24:
 
<BR>
 
<BR>
 
<BR>
 
<BR>
 +
 +
== Project history ==
 +
TRL2 started in 2013. It was planned to have a 3 years duration. Project are being launched for academic year 2014/2015<BR>
 +
But in 2015, we launched Mini-Bee project and for 5 years, all energy was taken by this new project.<BR>
 +
In 2021/22 two new projects were made by Estaca Engineering University in France. Project is now able to finish TRL2.
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
== TRL3 Guidelines ==
 +
'''Basket (detachable fuselage)'''<BR>
 +
<LI>Basket is design to be optimum for passengers frequent flight, then it is adapted to other usage (fret, hospitals...)
 +
<LI>Basket with three pressure bubbles, Internal structure adapted to 3-4-3 seats configuration
 +
<LI>Central luguage area for passenger basket (220 PAX full eco, 200 PAX in 2 classes), Only 1 central large main door for passengers on each side.
 +
<LI>Basket with APU on the back, 2 electric directional wheels, additional fuel tanks in the basket.
 +
<BR>
 +
<LI> [[Bee-Plane Passenger Floor Plan]]
 +
<LI> [[Hospital basket]]<BR>
 +
<BR>
 +
'''Bee (upper aircraft)'''<BR>
 +
<LI>Flat surface bellow bee
 +
<LI>New configuration : No pilot in the bee
 +
<LI>4 turbopropeller PWC 150A bellow main wings, 1 central turbofan on the back.
 +
<BR>
 +
'''Landing Gears and wings'''<BR>
 +
<LI>Bi-taildragger configuration<BR>
 +
<LI>Opposite "U" shape rear wings<BR>
 +
<LI>Main landing gear is behind cockpit<BR>
 +
<BR>
 +
<BR> Updated configuration for TRL3 Estaca 2022<BR>
 +
<Gallery>
 +
File:Plan global 06-2014.png
 +
File:Plan-bee-plane v3.jpg
 +
</Gallery>
 +
 +
 +
  
 
== TRL2 Guidelines ==
 
== TRL2 Guidelines ==
Line 49: Line 88:
 
File:Plan-bee-plane v3.jpg
 
File:Plan-bee-plane v3.jpg
 
</Gallery>
 
</Gallery>
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
== Current Bee-Plane Project Description for TRL2 ==
 +
<LI> 2014 Novembre<BR>
 +
[[File:20141102 Bee-Plane Bee-Plane - Description v8-6.pdf]]<BR>
 +
<Gallery>
 +
File:Plan-bee-plane v3.jpg
 +
</Gallery>
 +
Bee-Plane Configuration 20-2.<BR>
 +
With modified rear turbofan (air flow separator).<BR>
 +
<BR>
 +
 +
 +
 +
== Past Bee-Plane Project Description ==
 +
<LI> 2014 October<BR>
 +
[[File:20141005 Bee-Plane Bee-Plane - Description v8-3.pdf]]<BR>
 +
<Gallery>
 +
File:Plan-bee-plane v3.jpg
 +
</Gallery>
 +
Configuration 20-1.<BR>
 +
With modified rear turbofan and air inlet (at the back of the tail).<BR>
 +
<LI> 2014 July<BR>
 +
[[File:20140702 Bee-Plane Bee-Plane - Description v8-2.pdf]]<BR>
 +
<LI> 2014 June<BR>
 +
[[File:20140607 Bee-Plane Bee-Plane - Description v8-1.pdf]]<BR>
 +
<LI> 2014 April<BR>
 +
[[File:20140404 Bee-Plane Bee-Plane - Description v7-1b.pdf]]<BR>
 +
<LI> 2014 February<BR>
 +
[[File:20140209 Bee-Plane - Description v6-2b.pdf]]<BR>
 +
 +
<BR>
 +
Beeplane TRL2 edition 19-1<BR>
 +
<Gallery>
 +
File:Bee-Plane v19-1 front.jpg
 +
File:Bee-Plane v19-1 side v2.jpg
 +
File:Bee-Plane v19-1 side.jpg
 +
File:Bee-Plane v19-1 top.jpg
 +
</Gallery>
 +
<BR>
 +
 +
<LI> January 2014 :<BR>
 +
[[File:20131211 Bee-Plane - Description v5-4bis.pdf]]<BR>
 +
<BR>
 +
<LI> 2013 November : first review of TRL2<BR>
 +
[[File:20131124 Bee-Plane - Description v5-3.pdf]]<BR>
 +
<BR>
 +
<LI> 2013 august : Beginning of TRL2<BR>
 +
[[File:20130905 Bee-Plane - Description v4-3.pdf]]<BR>
 +
<BR>
  
 
== Partners ==
 
== Partners ==
Line 66: Line 159:
 
<BR>
 
<BR>
 
<BR>
 
<BR>
 +
2016/2017 :
 +
<LI> Estaca
  
 
== Mechanical and aerodynamical studies ==
 
== Mechanical and aerodynamical studies ==
 +
 +
<li> Diderot rear landing gear (2016)<BR>
 +
 +
[[File:Train Arrière bee-plane.pdf]]<BR>
 +
  
 
<li> Estaca Laval 5A (feb 2014) : Cabin Layout for full eco passengers basket<BR>
 
<li> Estaca Laval 5A (feb 2014) : Cabin Layout for full eco passengers basket<BR>
Line 78: Line 178:
 
<BR>
 
<BR>
 
<BR>
 
<BR>
−
<li> SupMeca (feb 2014) : overall design studies and [[Collaborative projet]]<BR>
+
<li> SupMeca (feb 2014) : overall design studies and Collaborative projet<BR>
 
[[File:Supmeca - Rapport PSYN 2014 - KOVAC - LEROY.pdf ]]<BR>
 
[[File:Supmeca - Rapport PSYN 2014 - KOVAC - LEROY.pdf ]]<BR>
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
Line 104: Line 204:
  
 
<LI> SupMeca (2013) : landing gear definition <BR>
 
<LI> SupMeca (2013) : landing gear definition <BR>
−
[[File:File:Supmeca TP 2013 Poster.pdf]]<BR>
+
[[File:Supmeca TP 2013 Poster.pdf]]<BR>
 
[[File:Supmeca TP 2013 Rapport Final.pdf]]<BR>
 
[[File:Supmeca TP 2013 Rapport Final.pdf]]<BR>
−
[[File:File:Supmeca TP 2013 Soutenance.pdf]]<BR>
+
[[File:Supmeca TP 2013 Soutenance.pdf]]<BR>
 
<BR>
 
<BR>
 
<LI> SupMeca (feb 2014) : landing gear definition <BR>
 
<LI> SupMeca (feb 2014) : landing gear definition <BR>
Line 141: Line 241:
 
   
 
   
  
−
'''Project in process : plan for june 2014 '''
+
'''Project june 2014 '''
 
<li> Ecole Centrale Paris : [[AAS Analysis for Aircraft Sizing]] tool, and implement lateral flight stability calculation<BR>
 
<li> Ecole Centrale Paris : [[AAS Analysis for Aircraft Sizing]] tool, and implement lateral flight stability calculation<BR>
 
<Gallery>File:Aero Beeplane ECP112013 v2.png</gallery><BR>
 
<Gallery>File:Aero Beeplane ECP112013 v2.png</gallery><BR>
Line 149: Line 249:
 
<li> Trinity College : Accoustic<BR>
 
<li> Trinity College : Accoustic<BR>
 
<li> Estaca : Engines <BR>
 
<li> Estaca : Engines <BR>
 +
<BR>
 +
 +
'''Project june 2017 '''
 +
<LI> Estaca
 +
[[File:20170124Estaca Présentation BA105.pdf]]
 +
<Gallery>
 +
File:Basket commandement-armurerie.PNG
 +
</Gallery>
 
<BR>
 
<BR>
  
Line 155: Line 263:
  
 
<li> Estaca Laval 5A : certification Part 21<BR>
 
<li> Estaca Laval 5A : certification Part 21<BR>
−
[[File:File:Estaca 201402 Certif P21 CS 25.pdf]]<BR>
+
[[File:Estaca 201402 Certif P21 CS 25.pdf]]<BR>
 
[[File:Estaca 201402 Certif P21 ppt soutenance.pdf]]<BR>
 
[[File:Estaca 201402 Certif P21 ppt soutenance.pdf]]<BR>
 
[[File:Estaca 201402 Certif P21 rapport pré-certification Bee-Plane.pdf]]<BR>
 
[[File:Estaca 201402 Certif P21 rapport pré-certification Bee-Plane.pdf]]<BR>
Line 161: Line 269:
 
<li> Estaca Levallois 5A : certification Part 145<BR>
 
<li> Estaca Levallois 5A : certification Part 145<BR>
 
[[File:Estaca 201402 Part145 Certification Part.pdf]]<BR>
 
[[File:Estaca 201402 Part145 Certification Part.pdf]]<BR>
−
 
−
 
  
 
== Economical studies ==
 
== Economical studies ==
Line 205: Line 311:
 
File:Beeplane modélisé.jpg
 
File:Beeplane modélisé.jpg
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 +
 +
 +
== Bee-Plane: The Evolution from TRL2 to TRL3 ==
 +
 +
A Milestone of Innovation: TRL3 Guidelines
 +
At TRL3, the Bee-Plane demonstrated several advancements over the TRL2 design:
 +
 +
Basket Design: The fuselage, or the "Basket," introduced an optimized internal structure for frequent passenger flights, adapted for other use-cases like cargo and hospital transport.
 +
 +
Engine Configuration: A significant change was the engine layout. Now four PWC 150A turbopropellers are positioned below the main wings, along with a central turbofan at the back.
 +
 +
Key Contributions to Aerospace Engineering
 +
The Bee-Plane's unique structure posed new possibilities and challenges:
 +
 +
Bi-taildragger Configuration: The landing gear setup is designed to optimize space and weight, enabling a more versatile aircraft.
 +
 +
Main Landing Gear: The placement behind the cockpit adds stability and flexibility in rough landing scenarios.
 +
 +
Partnerships and Academic Contribution
 +
The project has had a slew of academic partnerships, involving universities like Estaca, Ecole Centrale Paris, and SupMeca. Each has contributed specialized research and developments:
 +
 +
Mechanical and Aerodynamical Studies: Different iterations of landing gear, cabin layouts, and energy management have been developed by academic partners, predominantly Estaca.
 +
 +
Certification Studies: Progress was made on compliance with Part 21 and Part 145, essential for aircraft design and maintenance regulations.
 +
 +
Comparing TRL2 and TRL3 Guidelines
 +
The advancements from TRL2 to TRL3 were incremental but vital:
 +
 +
Basket Flexibility: At TRL2, the Basket had a 3-3-3 seat configuration, while TRL3 saw a shift to 3-4-3 seats.
 +
 +
Engine Changes: The number of turbopropellers increased from two to four, enhancing power and stability.
 +
 +
Economical Studies
 +
Economic impact studies were conducted, with SupMeca focusing on how Bee-Plane could affect airline economics. The model suggests that Bee-Plane's modular approach would allow cost-effective solutions for airlines.
 +
 +
Challenges and The Way Forward
 +
While the project made significant strides in technology and innovation, it faced challenges in aligning focus. The Mini-Bee project drained resources and energy for a prolonged period. However, with renewed vigor and academic partnerships, the project aims to complete TRL3 successfully.
 +
 +
Conclusion
 +
The Bee-Plane project, transitioning from TRL2 to TRL3, showcases an extraordinary commitment to innovation, academic involvement, and practical applicability. With its unique design changes and extensive studies, it stands as a testament to the future of modular and adaptable aerospace technology.
 +
 +
== Technological Advancements and Upcoming Milestones ==
 +
 +
In line with the framework set by the Lesser Open Bee License 1.3, we are excited to unveil the next set of technological advancements for the Bee-Plane. The R&D team at Estaca Engineering University has successfully addressed the weight distribution issues for TRL3, reducing the overall weight by 15%. A cutting-edge battery technology, currently under patent review, is expected to improve energy density by 20%.
 +
 +
Upcoming milestones include the finalization of our dynamic stability tests by Q2 2024. Also, collaboration with Ecole Centrale Paris on AI-based autonomous piloting is set to commence, aiming for full autonomy by TRL4.
 +
 +
Note that access to all raw data, simulation results, and software code is available upon request, strictly adhering to the open-source clause of the Lesser Open Bee License 1-3.
 +
 +
Mots clés:
 +
 +
projet, tâches, Lesser Open Bee License 1.3, Bee-Plane, H2020, TRL 1, documentation, numerical mock-up, Project history, TRL3 Guidelines, Basket (detachable fuselage), Bee (upper aircraft), Landing Gears and wings, Updated configuration for TRL3 Estaca 2022, TRL2 Guidelines, Current Bee-Plane Project Description for TRL2, Past Bee-Plane Project Description, Partners, Mechanical and aerodynamical studies, Certification studies, Economical studies, Other studies, Gallery, Bee-Plane: The Evolution from TRL2 to TRL3, Technological Advancements and Upcoming Milestones.
 +
 +
Keywords:
 +
 +
project, tasks, Lesser Open Bee License 1.3, Bee-Plane, H2020, TRL 1, documentation, numerical mock-up, Project history, TRL3 Guidelines, Basket (detachable fuselage), Bee (upper aircraft), Landing Gears and wings, Updated configuration for TRL3 Estaca 2022, TRL2 Guidelines, Current Bee-Plane Project Description for TRL2, Past Bee-Plane Project Description, Partners, Mechanical and aerodynamical studies, Certification studies, Economical studies, Other studies, Gallery, Bee-Plane: The Evolution from TRL2 to TRL3, Technological Advancements and Upcoming Milestones.
 +
 +
[[Category:BeePlane]]
 +
[[Category:TRL2]]

Latest revision as of 15:51, 29 September 2023

Projet and tasks are achieved according to Lesser Open Bee License 1.3


Main project : Bee-Plane





  • 01 - Complet - Fond Blanc.jpg
  • 04 - Complet - Après Décollages Paris CDG.jpg
  • 08 - Complet avec Logo Ciel.jpg
  • 07 - Divers 1.jpg
  • 07 - Divers 4.jpg
  • TestFlight.jpg
  • Xylocopa fullres.jpg
  • Plan-bee-plane v3.jpg


Additional documentation and numerical mock-up
All technical work done according to the open source paragraph of the Lesser Open Bee License 1-3 is available within a dedicated IT server. Access is provide on request.


Project history

TRL2 started in 2013. It was planned to have a 3 years duration. Project are being launched for academic year 2014/2015
But in 2015, we launched Mini-Bee project and for 5 years, all energy was taken by this new project.
In 2021/22 two new projects were made by Estaca Engineering University in France. Project is now able to finish TRL2.



TRL3 Guidelines

Basket (detachable fuselage)

  • Basket is design to be optimum for passengers frequent flight, then it is adapted to other usage (fret, hospitals...)
  • Basket with three pressure bubbles, Internal structure adapted to 3-4-3 seats configuration
  • Central luguage area for passenger basket (220 PAX full eco, 200 PAX in 2 classes), Only 1 central large main door for passengers on each side.
  • Basket with APU on the back, 2 electric directional wheels, additional fuel tanks in the basket.
  • Bee-Plane Passenger Floor Plan
  • Hospital basket

    Bee (upper aircraft)
  • Flat surface bellow bee
  • New configuration : No pilot in the bee
  • 4 turbopropeller PWC 150A bellow main wings, 1 central turbofan on the back.
    Landing Gears and wings
  • Bi-taildragger configuration
  • Opposite "U" shape rear wings
  • Main landing gear is behind cockpit


    Updated configuration for TRL3 Estaca 2022
    • Plan global 06-2014.png
    • Plan-bee-plane v3.jpg



    TRL2 Guidelines

    Basket (detachable fuselage)

  • Basket is design to be optimum for passengers frequent flight, then it is adapted to other usage (fret, hospitals...)
  • Basket with three pressure bubbles, Internal structure adapted to 3-3-3 seats configuration
  • Central luguage area for passenger basket (220 PAX full eco, 200 PAX in 2 classes), Only 1 central large main door for passengers on each side.
  • Basket with APU on the back, 4 electric directional wheels, additional fuel tanks in the basket
  • Bee-Plane Passenger Floor Plan
  • Hospital basket

    Bee (upper aircraft)
  • Flat surface bellow bee
  • New configuration : No pilot in the bee
  • 2 turbopropeller TP400 bellow main wings, 1 central turbofan on the back.
  • Variable inlet casing for rear turbofan, diameter of the turbofan = 1m.

    Landing Gears and wings
  • Bi-taildragger configuration
  • Opposite "U" shape rear wings
  • Main landing gear with external rotation. Wheels goes behind Turboprop engines.


    Updated configuration for TRL2, by IFMA 2014 and Estaca 2014
    • Plan global 06-2014.png
    • Plan-bee-plane v3.jpg




    Current Bee-Plane Project Description for TRL2

  • 2014 Novembre
    File:20141102 Bee-Plane Bee-Plane - Description v8-6.pdf
    • Plan-bee-plane v3.jpg

    Bee-Plane Configuration 20-2.
    With modified rear turbofan (air flow separator).


    Past Bee-Plane Project Description

  • 2014 October
    File:20141005 Bee-Plane Bee-Plane - Description v8-3.pdf
    • Plan-bee-plane v3.jpg

    Configuration 20-1.
    With modified rear turbofan and air inlet (at the back of the tail).

  • 2014 July
    File:20140702 Bee-Plane Bee-Plane - Description v8-2.pdf
  • 2014 June
    File:20140607 Bee-Plane Bee-Plane - Description v8-1.pdf
  • 2014 April
    File:20140404 Bee-Plane Bee-Plane - Description v7-1b.pdf
  • 2014 February
    File:20140209 Bee-Plane - Description v6-2b.pdf

    Beeplane TRL2 edition 19-1
    • Bee-Plane v19-1 front.jpg
    • Bee-Plane v19-1 side v2.jpg
    • Bee-Plane v19-1 side.jpg
    • Bee-Plane v19-1 top.jpg


  • January 2014 :
    File:20131211 Bee-Plane - Description v5-4bis.pdf

  • 2013 November : first review of TRL2
    File:20131124 Bee-Plane - Description v5-3.pdf

  • 2013 august : Beginning of TRL2
    File:20130905 Bee-Plane - Description v4-3.pdf

    Partners

    Partners for TRL2 are :
    2013/2014

  • SME (Fr) : Technoplane (Coordination)
  • University (Fr) : Ecole Centrale Paris (aero simulation)
  • University (Fr) : ESTACA (configuration, certification, energy...)
  • University (Fr) : Supméca (configuration, mechanical, logistic)
  • University (Fr) : IFMA (mechanical, airports)
  • University (Ir) : Trinity College (acoustics)
  • University (Fr) : EM Normandie (Partnership)

    Additionnal partners in 2014/2015
  • University (It) : Politechnico di Milano (Equipement)

    2016/2017 :
  • Estaca

    Mechanical and aerodynamical studies

  • Diderot rear landing gear (2016)
    File:Train Arrière bee-plane.pdf
  • Estaca Laval 5A (feb 2014) : Cabin Layout for full eco passengers basket
    File:201402 Estaca Full Eco Rapport final Basket.pdf
    • 201402 Estaca Passengers v4.png
    • 201402 Estaca Passengers v6.png
    • 201402 Estaca Passengers v8.png



  • SupMeca (feb 2014) : overall design studies and Collaborative projet
    File:Supmeca - Rapport PSYN 2014 - KOVAC - LEROY.pdf
    • 01 - Complet - Fond Blanc.jpg
    • 04 - Complet - Après Décollages Paris CDG.jpg
    • 08 - Complet avec Logo Ciel.jpg
    • 07 - Divers 1.jpg



  • SupMeca (feb 2014) : basket design studies
    File:Final Bee Plane Report .pdf
    • Basket.jpg
    • Eco layout basket.jpg
    • Sectioning of the interior basket.jpg
    • Side view basket.jpg
    • Back part 2.jpg
    • Front part.jpg




  • SupMeca (2013) : landing gear definition
    File:Supmeca TP 2013 Poster.pdf
    File:Supmeca TP 2013 Rapport Final.pdf
    File:Supmeca TP 2013 Soutenance.pdf

  • SupMeca (feb 2014) : landing gear definition
    File:Compte rendu Train d'atterrissage Bee plane Supmeca2014.pdf

  • Estaca Laval 4A (feb 2014) : Rear wings
    File:Soutenance de projet Empennage Bee-Plane Tail 2013.pdf
    File:Rapport de projet Bee-Plane 14 01 2014 vFinal Tail 2013.pdf

  • Estaca Laval 5A (feb 2014) : Inboard Energies and engines review
    File:201402 Estaca NRJ Gestion de l'énergie à bord du Bee-Plane - Fournisseurs.pdf
    File:201402 Estaca NRJ Gestion de l'énergie à bord du Bee-Plane.xlsx
    File:201402 Estaca NRJ RAPPORT - Gestion de l'Energie à bord du Bee-Plane.pdf

  • Estaca Levallois 4A (april 2014) : central turbofan integration
    File:Projet integration moteur BEEPLANE.pdf
    File:PPT Soutenance BEEPLANE.pdf

  • Estaca Laval 4A (april 2014) : turbopropeller configuration (engines review, quadri turbopropelle, engine failure)
    File:Projet motorisation Bee-Plane.pdf
    File:Soutenance 16.04.pdf

  • Estaca Laval 4A (april 2014) : biturbofan configuration (engines review)
    File:Projet Bee-Plane Présentation Groupe Alexis.pdf
    File:Rapport motorisation Bee-plane ESTACA 2014.pdf

    Project june 2014
  • Ecole Centrale Paris : AAS Analysis for Aircraft Sizing tool, and implement lateral flight stability calculation
    • Aero Beeplane ECP112013 v2.png

  • IFMA Clermont : Rear landing gear
  • IFMA Clermont : attach system mechanical studies
  • Trinity College : Accoustic
  • Estaca : Engines

    Project june 2017
  • Estaca File:20170124Estaca Présentation BA105.pdf
    • Basket commandement-armurerie.PNG


    Certification studies

  • Estaca Laval 5A : certification Part 21
    File:Estaca 201402 Certif P21 CS 25.pdf
    File:Estaca 201402 Certif P21 ppt soutenance.pdf
    File:Estaca 201402 Certif P21 rapport pré-certification Bee-Plane.pdf

  • Estaca Levallois 5A : certification Part 145
    File:Estaca 201402 Part145 Certification Part.pdf

    Economical studies

  • SupMeca 2014 (june 2014) : airline economical impact
    File:Bee-Plane ppt PSYN(1).pdf
    File:Rapport final eco sumpeca 2014.pdf


  • IFMA Clermont 2014 : airport impact (Clermont Ferrand)


  • SupMeca (june 2013) : Airport Studies
    File:Rapport Projet Logistique.pdf
    File:Présentation Projet Logistique.pdf
    • Supmeca Logistique 2013 Poster Bee-Plane.jpg



    Other studies

  • EM Normandy (2013) : Partnership

    Gallery

    • Beeplane TRL2 v1.gif
    • Bee-Plane v12-3 trimoteur - basket séparé AR.jpg
    • Bee-Plane v12-3 trimoteur avec basket.jpg
    • En vol.jpg
    • Hangar.png
    • Image1.jpg
    • Image1.png
    • Image2.jpg
    • Image3 logistique.jpg
    • Image3.jpg
    • Vue de face.jpg
    • Beeplane modélisé.jpg


    Bee-Plane: The Evolution from TRL2 to TRL3

    A Milestone of Innovation: TRL3 Guidelines At TRL3, the Bee-Plane demonstrated several advancements over the TRL2 design:

    Basket Design: The fuselage, or the "Basket," introduced an optimized internal structure for frequent passenger flights, adapted for other use-cases like cargo and hospital transport.

    Engine Configuration: A significant change was the engine layout. Now four PWC 150A turbopropellers are positioned below the main wings, along with a central turbofan at the back.

    Key Contributions to Aerospace Engineering The Bee-Plane's unique structure posed new possibilities and challenges:

    Bi-taildragger Configuration: The landing gear setup is designed to optimize space and weight, enabling a more versatile aircraft.

    Main Landing Gear: The placement behind the cockpit adds stability and flexibility in rough landing scenarios.

    Partnerships and Academic Contribution The project has had a slew of academic partnerships, involving universities like Estaca, Ecole Centrale Paris, and SupMeca. Each has contributed specialized research and developments:

    Mechanical and Aerodynamical Studies: Different iterations of landing gear, cabin layouts, and energy management have been developed by academic partners, predominantly Estaca.

    Certification Studies: Progress was made on compliance with Part 21 and Part 145, essential for aircraft design and maintenance regulations.

    Comparing TRL2 and TRL3 Guidelines The advancements from TRL2 to TRL3 were incremental but vital:

    Basket Flexibility: At TRL2, the Basket had a 3-3-3 seat configuration, while TRL3 saw a shift to 3-4-3 seats.

    Engine Changes: The number of turbopropellers increased from two to four, enhancing power and stability.

    Economical Studies Economic impact studies were conducted, with SupMeca focusing on how Bee-Plane could affect airline economics. The model suggests that Bee-Plane's modular approach would allow cost-effective solutions for airlines.

    Challenges and The Way Forward While the project made significant strides in technology and innovation, it faced challenges in aligning focus. The Mini-Bee project drained resources and energy for a prolonged period. However, with renewed vigor and academic partnerships, the project aims to complete TRL3 successfully.

    Conclusion The Bee-Plane project, transitioning from TRL2 to TRL3, showcases an extraordinary commitment to innovation, academic involvement, and practical applicability. With its unique design changes and extensive studies, it stands as a testament to the future of modular and adaptable aerospace technology.

    Technological Advancements and Upcoming Milestones

    In line with the framework set by the Lesser Open Bee License 1.3, we are excited to unveil the next set of technological advancements for the Bee-Plane. The R&D team at Estaca Engineering University has successfully addressed the weight distribution issues for TRL3, reducing the overall weight by 15%. A cutting-edge battery technology, currently under patent review, is expected to improve energy density by 20%.

    Upcoming milestones include the finalization of our dynamic stability tests by Q2 2024. Also, collaboration with Ecole Centrale Paris on AI-based autonomous piloting is set to commence, aiming for full autonomy by TRL4.

    Note that access to all raw data, simulation results, and software code is available upon request, strictly adhering to the open-source clause of the Lesser Open Bee License 1-3.

    Mots clés:

    projet, tâches, Lesser Open Bee License 1.3, Bee-Plane, H2020, TRL 1, documentation, numerical mock-up, Project history, TRL3 Guidelines, Basket (detachable fuselage), Bee (upper aircraft), Landing Gears and wings, Updated configuration for TRL3 Estaca 2022, TRL2 Guidelines, Current Bee-Plane Project Description for TRL2, Past Bee-Plane Project Description, Partners, Mechanical and aerodynamical studies, Certification studies, Economical studies, Other studies, Gallery, Bee-Plane: The Evolution from TRL2 to TRL3, Technological Advancements and Upcoming Milestones.

    Keywords:

    project, tasks, Lesser Open Bee License 1.3, Bee-Plane, H2020, TRL 1, documentation, numerical mock-up, Project history, TRL3 Guidelines, Basket (detachable fuselage), Bee (upper aircraft), Landing Gears and wings, Updated configuration for TRL3 Estaca 2022, TRL2 Guidelines, Current Bee-Plane Project Description for TRL2, Past Bee-Plane Project Description, Partners, Mechanical and aerodynamical studies, Certification studies, Economical studies, Other studies, Gallery, Bee-Plane: The Evolution from TRL2 to TRL3, Technological Advancements and Upcoming Milestones.

    • Retrieved from "https://wiki.collaborativebee.com//index.php?title=Bee-Plane_TRL_2&oldid=1639"